Parliamentary and Governmental Roles in the Law-Making Process in Lebanon

This research examines the roles of parliament and government in lawmaking in Lebanon, by analyzing the constitutional and legal framework regulating the distribution of powers between the legislative and executive authorities. The research reviews the constitutional basis for the legislative and financial powers of the Lebanese Parliament, the mechanisms of legislative initiative, and the stages of studying laws within parliamentary committees and the General Assembly. It also highlights the government’s role in proposing, drafting, and issuing draft laws, with a focus on its powers in exceptional circumstances, such as legislative mandates, legislative decrees, and expedited draft laws. The research also discusses the limits of overlap between the two powers and its impact on achieving constitutional balance, and evaluates the extent to which legislative practice is consistent with constitutional principles, especially the principles of flexible separation of powers and legitimacy. The study concludes that the effectiveness of the law industry in Lebanon is linked to the clarity of the distribution of powers and respect for constitutional controls. In addition to strengthening parliamentary oversight mechanisms, which contributes to developing the legislative process and ensuring the stability of the constitutional system.